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How Reading Motivation and Engagement Enable Reading Achievement : Policy Implications
Reading motivation and engagement contribute to reading achievement across grade levels and cultures, but many students find them difficult to reach. Reading comprehension can be successfully achieved by requiring complex cognitive skills and of course motivation to make the text meaningful. To promote motivation in the classroom, they can start with the elements of SMILE (Sharing, me, importance, liking, engagement). It represents the dimensions of reading motivation and engagement, informing instructional practices. SMILE derived from Encouraging collaboration supports Social belonging, ensuring success promotes positive feeling about me (self efficacy), emphasizing value encourages Importance, fostering relevance and affording choice promote Liking, integrating all practices, plus time and resources for reading, enables Engagement. School can consider this principle when developing educational programs, making school schedules and planning professional development for teachers.
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